Bake oven



Julie 22 1926. 1,589,468

P. HIEB BAKE OVEN Filed June 27 1925 INVENTOR Pe fer Hieb Patented June 22, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PETER HIEB, OF SEATTLE, WASHINGTON, ASSIGNOB TO RANIER ELECTRIC BAKE OVEN AND EQUIPMENT COMPANY, INC., OF SEATTLE, WASHINGTON, A CORPORA- TION OF WASHINGTON.

BAKE OVEN.

Application mea 27, 1925. Serial No. 39,960.

My invention relates to ovens particularly intended for the use of bakers, caterers, and restaurateurs. In one aspect it relates to the doors of such anv oven and the mea 'ns for mounting; doors swinging from the r upper edges, and in another aspeet it are: lates to means whereby theheat isniore fully retained in the even during or after opening of thedoors. 6 up; Y f: One of the objects of my invention is to provide a door construction and mounting whereby a dead. airspace 'may be'left between an inner and an outer'door andmeans may be provided for swinging one of the said doors, which in opening w ll engage the other, without other connection between them, to swing both doors open.

A further object is the provislon of counterweight means associated with such a door or doors to assist in moving'the doors toward open position. g

A further object is the 'PIOVlSlOIl Of a door mounting for ovens whereby the hinged edge of the door may be kept closely sealed, and which when thedoor is fully closed s most tightly sealed to prevent the escape of heated air through the crack between the edge of the door and the door frame.

A further object is the provisionbfa simple and conveniently assembled pivotal mounting for such doors.

It is also an object to so position the doors relative to the walls and ceiling of' the :oven chamber, that at all times and in all posh tions the doors willtend toretainheatcd air within the interior of theoven and to prevent its escape therefrom to the ,fullest l extent possible. 1 Y

My invention comprises thosenovel parts and combinations thereofwhich are shown in the accompanying drawings,.described 1n the specification, and-particularly defined by the claims terminating the samer.

In the v accompanying drawings, 1: have shown l'l'lY-ll'lVGl'ltlOl'L'lILthB formnow pre- Figure 3 is an enlarged section of the pivotal mounting of the doors.

, Figure iis a detail view, in rear elevation, of one end of a door, illustrating the pivot thereof. I The present invention is not concerned with the structure of the walls of the oven, and these have, therefore, been diagrammatically illustrated only. They would be so formed as to retain the maximum of heat withinthe oven, and any construction suitableto this purpose and not otherwise in disconformity with the structure of the doors and door frame hereafter described, may be employed.

Figures 1, 2 and 3 illustrate the front wall only of the oven, in section, and illustrate a door frame member, including a face flange 9 and a sleeve 90 extending into the opening left in the front wall 91 0f the oven. These parts are preferably made of sheet metal and are suitably secured to the front wall 91 of the oven. The upper portion 90 of the sleeve projects below the ceiling 92 of the oven chamber, this portion 90, extending across the face of the oven and across'the opening therein. The lower surface of the sleeve 90 is preferabl inclined inwardly and upwardly. Also orming a part of the door frame is a bracket 4, which for convenience of manufacture may be cast,

and secured in any suitable manner to the outside of the door frame at about its upper edgeand at opposite sides of the opening defined by the sleeve 90.

Doors 1 and 2 are employed to close the opening defined by the sleeve 90 and are hinged above their centers of gravity to swing. upwardly withinthe ovenchamber. It will be understood that these doors usual- 1y would be hung by their upper edges, but it is within the scope of this phase .of my invention tov suspend them, somewhat below their. upper edges, while still tending by their .own gravity toeome to rest infclosed position. i The} pivotal ,f support fo'r. these doors is inthe ,door', frame,..either. in the sleeve 90 or inathebrackets 4which inefi'ect form. apartof the door frame. .Theinner door 2 is pivotedin sucha way that it may b ee lrreee e :Wh n-.. ra d m. are

position, which of course necessitates that the outer door be first removed. The pivotal mounting for the inner door 2 is: best illustrated in Figure 3, and comprises a hanger 21 bent downwardly, then forwardly, and finally upwardly, or as shown, in the form of a partly closed bead on the end of a plate 22, which plate is secured to the portion 90 of the sleeve. A similarly curled upper edge 23 of the door, extending rear wardly and downwardly however, engages with the hanger 21 to form the pivotal connection, these members 21 and 23 being retained in engagement by a retaining strip or flange 2% suitably secured to the portion 90 of the sleeve to be removable therefrom, as by the bolts As the hanger 21 and door edge extend entirely across the width of the door frame, this construction forms a tight seal for the upper edge of the door 2 and yet permits it to swing freely.

The pivot for theouter door 1 is shown slightly below and outward of the pivot for the inner door 2, and parallel thereto. It is preferable that it be below the other pivot, for the reason that both doors are intended to swing upward from the position shown in Figure 1, the outer door being positively moved by means to be described, and engaging the inner door, which rests by gravity upon the bottom. surface of the sleeve 90, to raise the same finally to the position shown in Figure 2, wherein the inner door lies substantially in contact with the inner face of the outer door, and inclined slightly upwardfrom the pivots. There is no physical connection between the two doors when closed, and no way of opening the inner door except by contact of the positively controlled outer door therewith as the latter swings open.

Further, the bead formed at the upper edge of the door 1 projects slightly inward, whereby the surfaces of the two doors are permitted to come more nearly into common plane and. contact when in fully open position. The bead 10 may be formed of the same metal as the door 1, but the door is pivoted upon a pin 11 extending through the bead and received in the brackets l, this pin having a pivotal engagement directly withtwo bu hings composedof short lengths of pipe, illustrated at 12, which bushings are suitably secured, by welding, to the interior of the'bead 10. At the ends where these pipe sections are secured to the bead may be partly cut away, as indicated at 13, to allow the securement of the bushing in place.

It will be noted that the pivot axis of the door 1, which is the axis of the pin 11, does not coincide with the axis of the head 10;

An apron 1% depends from the door frame to contact with the outer face of the head 10. Thus in the closed position of the door the eccentricity of the head '10, relative to the pivot axis, forces the bead outward against the apron 14 and forms a more perfect seal therewith than when the door is in the partly or fully raised position, when the avoidance of leakage of air is not so important. Further, the bead. 10 may be so formed, as indicated at 15 (Fig, 3), that when closed this portion 15 contacts with the upper edge of the door frame, to form a seal therewith. The apron let may be somewhat resilient to accommodate the portion 15.

The door 1 may be operated in any manner found suitable. I have provided counter weight means such as the handle on the arm 3, which is operatively connected to the door 1 to tend to throw the door, with the added weight of the door 2, into a position of balance between its extreme positions. The connection between the arm 3 and door is shown as comprising a slot 31 extending longitudinally of the arm, and a follower consisting of the bent rod 16 projecting above the pivot of the door and engaging in the slot 31. The arm 3 is pivoted at 32 below the pivot pin 11, and tends to hold the doors in an open position. Movement of the handle 30 upward from this open position decreases its effect on the doors, until when the full line position of Figure 1 is reached the doors, being of some weight and being inclined to a greater eX- tent than the arm 3, will tend to remain in closed position with their lower edges in contact with the lower surface of the sleeve 90. When the doors are thrown into the fully open position as shown in Figure 2, the counterweight 30 will tend to hold them in this position. Depending upon the relative weights of the doors and counterweight, there may in some ovens be a position of balance, as shown in dotted lines in Figure 1, intermediate fully open and fully closed positions. In such cases, however, sufficient friction is left in the pivotal mountings to insure holding the doors in extreme open position. 7

' A heating element 5 is shown as supported within the oven chamber upon ledges 51. This is spaced inwardly of the door frame, and particularly the part 90 thereof, to form a recess 95 between the end of the element 5 and the portion 90, and immediately below the ceiling 92. As the doors swing open the hot air will tend to rush out from the oven, but by reason of this recess 95 will first move upward to fill this recess, and then downward, and they will be deflected by the inclined doors to be returned sition they are themselves inclined inwardly and upwardly, and to some extent, due to this inclination, their outer faces now 'deflect the gases and retain them in the oven. The doors would of course, be only open to this extent in placing the pans in or removing them from the oven, and for inspection would only be opened slightly.

The construction of the doors would be such as to render them reasonably heat-insulating, but owing to the airspace between them in their normal closed position, it is not necessary that they be of heavy construction or that the heat insulating material included in them be of any material thickness. The doors can thus be made light enough to be easy to handle. It is customary in operating them for the baker to strike the lower portion of the outer door with his peel, starting theopening of, the doors, whereupon the finish of the opening movement is secured through the action of the counterweight 30.

To assist in sealing the doors when closed, I may provide'a flange 93 positioned within the sleeve at the side edges of the door 1, whereby the door when at rest will rest likewise against the flanges 93, as may be seen in Figure 3.- The apron 14 extends substantially to the flanges :93, thus forming a close seal about the'upper edge and side edges of the door. Suitable packing material may be placed between these flanges and the door. and between the apron 14 and the door if desired, this being a matter of convenience only and being used as desired.

' What I claim as my invention is:

1. An oven door structure comprising a door frame, an inner and an outer door pivotally supported in said door frame, and means for positively swinging one of said doors from open to closed position, or the reverse, the other door being positioned to be contacted by the first door as the latter swings open to be moved into fully open position thereby, and to swing shut by gravity as the first door moves towards closed position.

2. An oven door structure comprising a door frame, an inner and an outer door spaced at all points when in closed position, and both pivotally supported at their upper edges from said door frame, means for swinging the outer door, the inner door being positioned adjacent to the outerdoor to be engaged and opened thereby as the outer door swings open, and to swing shut by gravity as the outer door moves towards closed position, and in closed position to lie with its lower edge .in contact with said door frame. v'.

9 An'oven door structure. comprising a door frame, an inner and an outer door spaced'from each otherwhen in fully closed position, and both pivotally supported from said door frame-above their centers of gravity to swing inwards, means for positively disposed inward, a pivotal support between said door frame and the upper portion of said outer door, the axis of which lies below the upper edge of the door frame, a second pivotal support between said frame and the upper-portion of the inner door, and having its axis spaced inward of and above the axis of the first pivotal support, said second pivotal support lying within the path of swing of the lower portion of said outer door in opening, whereby said inner door is engaged by said outer door in opening to be opened thereby and to lie thereabove, and means for positively moving said outer door.

An oven door structure comprising a door frame having an n wardly and inwardly inclined lower sur ace, spaced inner and outer doors disposed to swing inwardly, and in closed position being inclined relative to and having their lower edges resting by gravity'upon said inclined lower surface of the door frame, and a pivotal support at the upper edge of each of said doors, the axis of the pivotal support of the inner door being above and inward of the axis of the outer doors pivotal. support, and positioned inward of the outer 'doors path of swing, whereby the inner door is engaged by the outer door, in opening, to be opened thereby. 6. An oven door structure comprising 'a door frame, spaced inner and outer doors, parallel pivotalsupports between said frame and the upper edges of the respective doors, said doors-and their pivotal supports being disposed and arranged so that the inner door is engaged by the outer door, as the latter swings open, to open the former.

7. An oven door structure comprising a door frame, spaced inner and outer doors, parallel pivotal supports between said frame and the upper edges of the respective doors, said doors and their pivotal supports being disposed and arranged so that the inner door is engaged by the outer door, as the latter swings open, to open the former, and meansfor maintaining said outer door both in open and closed positions by gravity- 8. An oven door structure comprising a door frame, spaced inner and outer doors, parallel pivotal supports between said frame and the upper edges of the respective doors, said doors'and theirpivotal supports being disposed and arranged so that the inner door is engaged by the outer door, as the latter swings open, to open the former, a

counterweight, and operative connections b tween said, counterweight, and the outer lil) door to hold thesame by gravity in open or closed positions.

9. An oven door structure comprising a door frame, spaced inner and outer doors, parallel pivotal supports between said frame and the upper edges of the respective doors, said doors and their pivotal supports being disposed and arranged so that the inner door is engaged by the outer door, as the latter swings open, to open the former, a counterweighted handle p-ivotally supported in said door frame, and having a longitudinal. slot, and an arm projecting upwardly above the pivotal support of, and secured to. said outer door, and engageable in said slot, whereby movement of the handle will operate said door between fully open and closed positions, and said door will be held by gravity in open and closed positions.

10. An oven door structure comprising. a door frame, a door pivotally supported from said frame by its upper edge, and spaced from the upper surface of the door frame, and a contact apron supported on said frame above the door, and engaging the upper edge of said door substantially throughout its entire movement between open and closed positions.

11. An oven door structure comprising a door frame, a door pivotally supported from said frame by its upper edge, and spaced from the upper surface of the door frame, and a contact apron supported on said frame above the door, and engaging the upper edge of said door substantially throughout its entire movement between open and closed, positions, said door and apron being disposed and arranged to tighten the seal as said door approaches closed position.

12. An oven door structure comprising a door frame, a door having a beaded upper edge pivotally supported from said door frame, the pivot axis of said support being inward of the axis of said bead, and a contact apron depending from said frame to engage the outer surface of said bead,

18. An oven door structure comprising a door frame including an inwardly directed sleeve, a door pivotally supported from said frame by its upper edge, and adapted to come to rest by gravity with its lower edge engaging the lower surface of said sleeve, and laterally directed flanges projecting from the sides of said sleeve to engage and seal the side edges of said door when in closed position.

14:. An oven door structure comprising a door frame including an inwardly directed sleeve, a door pivotally supported and spaced from said frame by its upper edge, and adapted to come to rest inclined inwardly and downwardly, with its lower edge resting upon the lower surface of the sleeve, laterally directed flanges projecting from the sides of said sleeve, and inclined to engage and seal the side edges of said door when in closed position, and an apron depending from the upper portion of said door frame and contacting with the upper edge of the door substantially throughout its entire movement between open and closed positions.

15. An oven door structure comprising a door frame, a door having a beaded upper edge, a bushing secured eccentrically of said bead at each end thereof, and a pivot pin supported from said door frame and passing through said bushings to form a pivot support for said door.

16. An oven door structure comprising a door frame, a door having a beaded upper edge, a bushing secured eccentrically of said head at each end thereof, a pivot pin supported from said door frame and passing.

through said bushings to form a pivot support for said door, and an apron depending from the upper portion of said door frame to engage the beaded edge of the door sub stantially throughout its entire/movement between open and closed positions. whereby movement of the door in-closing ec" centrically of its beaded edge, increases the sealing effect of said apron.

17. An oven door structure comprising a door frame, an outer door having an inwardly projecting beaded upper edge. a pivotal support between said door frame and the upper edge of said outer door, an inner door spaced from said outer door and a pivotal connection between said dooi frame and said inner door positioned adacent the beaded edge of said outer door said inner door being engaged by said outef door as the latter swings open, and when in fully open position lying upon the inner face of the outer door and within the proection of the bead thereon.

18. An oven door structure comprisin a door frame, an inner and an outer ddbr pivotal connections between the door frainei and the upper edge of each door, and means associated with the said pivotal connections for preventing escape of heated air between the doors and door frame in the several.

positions of the door.

19. An oven door structure comprising a door frame, a door hanger extending across the upper edge of said door frame, said hanger extending first downwardly, then forwardly, then upwardly, but spaced from the frame, a door having its upper edge extending inwardly and then downwardly within said hanger, and a retainer secured to said framei'mmediately outward of the upper edge of said door.

20. An oven door structure comprising a door frame, a door hanger extending across the upper edge of said. door frame, said hanger extending first downwardly, then Ill) forwardly, then upwardly, but spaced from the frame, a door having its upper edge extending inwardly and then downwardly within said hanger, and a retainer secured to said frame immediately. outward of the upper edge of said door, and an outer door pivotally supported from said frame outwardly of the first door, and having a beaded upper edge projecting inwardly, said outer door engaging the inner door to swing it open, and the inner door, when fully open, lying substantially in contact with the inner face of the outer door, and within the bead at the upper edge of the outer door.

pivoted in said hangers by its upper edge.

22. An oven structure comprising walls defining a chamber, a door frame including a sleeve positioned in the forward wall of the chamber, a door pivoted at the upper edge of said door frame to swing inward, and adapted to rest by gravity upon the lower surface of said sleeve, means for sealing the upper edge of said door, and in all positionsthereof, against the escape of hot air, the lower edge of said door lying below the upper wall of the chamber until the door is fully open, whereby hot air tending to escape along the upper wall is turned back into the chamber.

23. An oven structure as in claim 22, including a counterweight operatively connected to said door and tending to throw it to a osition of balance-between fully open and ully shut positions, in which position of balance the lower edge of the door is spaced below the upper wall of the chamber.

24,-. An oven structure as in claim 22, the door, when in fully open position, being in clined upwardly from its pivot and into the chamber, to retain heated air therein.

25. An oven structure comprising walls defining a chamber having an opening in its front, a-door frame including a depending member extending across the upper edge of said opening and below the ceiling of the chamber, a door pivoted to the depending member of said door frame and adapted to swing upward into said chamber, and an interlocking hinge connection between said door and its support, whereby heated air is trapped in the upper part of the chamber, above the door and depending frame member, as said door, swings into said recess.

Signed at Seattle, King County, Washington, this 13th day of June, 1925.

PETER HIEB. 

